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ADR / Evidence, claims and footage / Reports written for the court

Digital evidence · reports drafted for London courts

Expert witness reports, London. Someone opposite is paid to find the fault. This is written for them.

A report gets paid for its survival. Across the desk there is someone who has been paid to look for a loose thread in your documentation, and a document written with the sole intent of making its instructing party happy will not survive the morning. CPR Part 35 establishes the order of loyalty before anyone starts: the court comes first, above the client, the solicitor and the fee note alike, and PD35 describes the shape. A criminal instruction instead runs to Part 19 of the Criminal Procedure Rules 2025, which replaced the previous 2020 version. Both forums wish to have the same items included: the method described, an exhibit history, two declarations, and the accreditation position put at the top instead of being left for the other side to find. There is no UKAS schedule here, and no ISO/IEC 17025 certificate either. For civil, family, employment and insurance instructions the rules require neither of these: only in criminal proceedings in England and Wales does the Regulator's statutory Code extend, with DIG 100 covering capture and DIG 300 examination. As such, when instructed on a criminal matter, whether or not we can take it is determined on the first call and is not something that will be decided at trial. London solicitors and insurance companies receive the same document, at an amount agreed upon first, from £800 + VAT.

Written to meet CPR Part 35 Chain of custody logged as the work goes Independent, and kept in confidence

Talk it over with an engineer, in confidence
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The four things a court weighs up.

A duty ranking above the clientAn expert's service to the court under Part 35 is for questions that are genuinely within their area of expertise. Whatever the instructing side may want to read into the report takes second place. The duty owed to the court is outlined at the top of the report, and everything below it is assessed against that duty.
Two statements, both signedAll matters within an expert's own knowledge are marked off from the rest of the report and certified as true. Following this is a declaration that the opinions expressed are honestly formed and are comprehensive, and that compliance with Part 35 and with PD35 is in place.
Method, step by stepReceipt, imaging, hash values and inspection, and where each exhibit was during each stage of these processes, documented sufficiently closely that the opposing examiner can put the sequence through again.
What gets declared against usIn relation to credibility, the criminal rules require disclosure of anything adverse to an expert, and CPS guidance requires disclosure of non-accreditation. We include ours on the opening pages, and not in a footnote.

Five reports. Which one your matter wants.

Not listed? Tell us what it does →
Which of themWhat it is there forWhat sits inside it
A stand-alone findings reportEarly advice, an HR decision, a question to the boardWhat the machine contained, how that was verified, and the implications of that, clearly stated
Report upon a claim under a policyWhere cause, extent or liability is disputedFindings, exhibits and causation of damage
Expert report pursuant to CPR Part 35Civil claim in England or WalesThe duty at the head, the substance of the instructions, the entire method and two signed statements: truth and compliance
Expert report pursuant to CrimPR Part 19Matters on their way to a criminal courtQualifications, the material upon which a bench determines reliability, a declaration on credibility, and the scope of the Code settled prior to acceptance
A single joint expert reportOne examiner instructed by both partiesA single joint expert report supplied to both parties simultaneously, the duty running directly past both parties to the court
How it reaches us: get a straight quote first (via phone or form), then send it via tracked, insured post or drop it off at our Guildford intake lab, Monday to Friday, 9am to 5:30pm (no appointment needed); our Guildford lab takes it in, and the cost of sending it back to you is on us. Unsure what to put with it when sending it to us? Give us a ring before sealing your box and we'll put you through to an engineer who can tell you what you need to include and what needs to stay behind. All of this information is also outlined on our guide to packing and posting.

The sequence we follow.

Other jobs on the log →
01

Say what has happened, in confidence — then a figure in writing Free

Our forensic charges start at £800 + VAT. The amount charged depends upon the size of the task at hand, and that is determined in the course of our first telephone conversation: dates and events in dispute; machines and accounts involved; what needs to be demonstrated. There is no charge made for the initial telephone call. Furthermore, nothing that you would be billed for commences until a written fee quotation has been delivered to you.

That call goes no further than usA single figure, put in writingThe questions evidence must settle
02

The substance of what we were told to do

CPR 35.10 requires the substance of the instructions to be set out within the report, and privilege does not protect that summary. Alongside it goes whatever is relevant to credibility, starting with the most basic item available: an independent laboratory holding no accreditation at all. That is far preferable to display on page one than to have it produced as part of testimony when the witness is in the box.

The instruction, in substanceLimits set out on page one
03

Drafted for the examiner opposite

Each stage is documented and recorded as if the opposite examiner were already hunting for weaknesses, which is exactly what they have been told to do. No conclusion provided in this report leans towards whoever settles the invoice.

Court ahead of clientConclusions built to be tested
04

Built to the rules of its forum

Form follows forum. Civil work is produced under CPR Part 35 and PD35, and criminal work under Part 19 of the Criminal Procedure Rules 2025, which replaced the 2020 version. Regardless of the forum, there is written documentation of the method used, the exhibits, a custody history and dates documented without a gap, and both declarations. Conclusions come first, and technical detail is annexed.

CPR 35 civil, CrimPR 19 criminalPlain words the whole way through
05

What the bundle holds, and who signed for it

Hand the opposite side a finding they have no way to verify, and the argument is theirs. So the bundle contains everything: each exhibit numbered, the hash values for each, dated and countersigned handovers, the images used for the conclusions reached, and the bench notes created whilst the work was ongoing. Repeat the steps and the result does not change.

Each finding tied to an exhibitHashes taken, and each handover loggedEvery step can be repeated

What the bench has learned

  • The overriding duty provides the solution: if there are conflicting expectations between court and client, that is no dilemma at all, because the court wins. An expert who never comprehends the overriding duty has given the report away before anyone opens it.
  • Reliability material is required for criminal work: a bench cannot assess the worth of an opinion until qualifications, experience and method are set out in front of it.
  • A joint instruction changes the numbers: a single examiner, two parties instructing, and no one to keep sweet. We take these, and state so at the beginning.
  • Clarity earns as much as rigour: a judge left decoding the document receives no benefit from the work beneath it.

One question worth asking every expert you shortlist: under Part 19, an expert must disclose any matter on which the court may fairly impugn the expert's credibility, and an unheld accreditation counts as such under CPS guidance. Say nothing and it becomes the client's problem at the worst possible time. We set it out on page one, above the method that carries it.

One job, followed all the way through.

LDN · ADR-2026-3084JOB LOGGED ✓

A shared folder between two firms, and a Part 35 report

One shared folder was accessible by two firms, and one set of accounts within that folder existed in two versions that nobody could reconcile. Forensic images of each of those machines demonstrated which changes were made by which party and in what order those changes occurred, and that order settled the differences in opinion between the parties. The dispute was closed within the month.

At an end once the reports were inCPR Part 35 fully met

What helps, and what harms.

Do this much first

  • Say early on whether this could reach a court: this changes the work done.
  • Send the instruction letter across while it is still a draft.
  • Pass across anything produced by the expert on the opposite side.
  • Allow weeks rather than days: pressure shortens nothing.

What sets us back

  • Attempting to obtain a conclusion that the material will not support.
  • Rewriting our formulation: take issue with the reasoning instead.
  • Expecting a Part 35 report inside a few days.
  • Ringing around until somebody agrees: it always shows.

The questions that come up first.

Findings report or court report — which do I need?

A findings report answers only two questions: what was held by the machine, and how it was shown to have been held. A court report contains both and adds the items insisted upon by the rules: an exhibit history from the day received to the day returned, the method used by the expert, your instructions in substance, the duty owed to the court, two statements requiring signature, and any item the opposing side might put to the expert.

Whose expert is it, once instructed?

The court's. Who paid makes no difference to that. The obligation ranks ahead of any obligation to the instructing party, and that ranking is what gives the document any standing in front of a judge at all.

Will you act on a single joint instruction?

Yes. A single report based upon a single set of conclusions, delivered to both parties at the same moment. No drafts are provided to either party prior to delivery, and therefore neither party has any control over the word usage.

Does no accreditation weaken the report?

It is mandatory that this be declared, and therefore it will always sit atop page one. The court places great importance on how a report is prepared (method), and that is where this bench puts its work. A report will collapse if it claims more than its supporting evidence can support, and no certificate will save it. Criminal matters are different: the Regulator's Code sets ISO/IEC 17025 under DIG 100 and DIG 300, so whether or not your matter falls within our scope for taking will be established at the outset.

Off the mains first, because that is what protects the evidence.

Regardless of what contains the evidence, turn off electrical power to it before doing anything else: a recorder still operating overwrites its oldest evidence every hour. Once power is removed, secure a price quotation (either by phone or through submitting a form), then post us just the disk or drive (do not include the recorder or computer), or drop it off at our Guildford intake lab, Monday to Friday, 9am to 5:30pm (no appointment needed). Evaluation costs nothing; work on recorders costs £400 + VAT and forensic analysis starts at £800 + VAT, both prices agreed to in writing beforehand. What sits on that disk stays here.

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